power deal

Exxon expands CO2 storage network with Calpine agreement

ExxonMobil has agreed to transport CO2 from Calpine Corp.’s Baytown Energy Center. Photo via Getty Images.

ExxonMobil Corp. has agreed to transport and permanently store up to 2 million metric tons per year of CO2 from Calpine Corp.’s Baytown Energy Center.

The strategic agreement is part of Calpine’s Baytown Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) Project, which is designed to capture the energy center’s CO2 emissions and enable the supply of low-carbon electricity. It’s also in line with Exxon’s broader strategy to expand its CCS infrastructure along the Gulf Coast.

“Calpine is excited to partner with ExxonMobil to achieve this important project milestone,” Caleb Stephenson, Calpine Executive Vice President, said in a news release. “As the largest U.S. generator of electricity from natural gas, we understand that the nation’s gas fleet will remain the backbone of the grid for decades to come. We believe CCS is an actionable and cost-effective way to meet customers' demand for reliable power and alleviate concerns about the indisputable long-term need for gas-fired facilities. Low-cost natural gas along with carbon capture technology and widespread geologic storage resources can bolster U.S. energy, natural gas use, jobs, and export strength.”

The Baytown CCS Project is expected to produce about 500 megawatts of low-carbon electricity, which Calpine said is enough to power more than 500,000 homes. It can also provide steam for nearby industrial purposes.

The project anticipates creating construction and other full-time jobs, with engineering, permitting, and other development activities coming soon.

"We’re thrilled to work with Calpine on this project that supports American energy security, enhances industrial competitiveness and leverages America’s abundant low-cost natural gas resources," Barry Engle, President of ExxonMobil Low Carbon Solutions, said in a news release. “This agreement underscores the growing confidence our customers across diverse sectors—including steel, fertilizer, industrial gases, natural gas processing, and now power generation—have in our unique end-to-end CCS system.”

This is ExxonMobil’s sixth CCS customer, bringing the company's total amount of CO2 under contract to approximately 16 million tons a year, according to the company. The CO2 from Calpine’s facility will tie into ExxonMobil’s CO2 pipeline system on the Gulf Coast.

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A View From HETI

The report concludes that natural gas would need to remain a “foundational component of the region’s energy system” to meet the demands of AI data centers. Photo courtesy UH

A new study from the University of Houston estimates that the U.S. will need more than $1 trillion in new midstream energy infrastructure investment by 2052 to meet the rising energy demands from data centers in the age of artificial intelligence.

According to the report, this would average $40 billion to $48 billion per year across investments in natural gas, oil, natural gas liquids, hydrogen and CO2 infrastructure.

UH, in collaboration with the INGAA Foundation and Wood and ESMIA Consultants, released the 2025 North American Midstream Infrastructure Report, which details the needs, pipelines and associated infrastructure necessary to meet global market needs and increased energy demands. UH led the consortium that conducted the analysis. Paul Doucette, hydrogen program officer at UH, served as the principal investigator of the report.

According to the U.S. Department of Energy, data center energy consumption could reach 800 terawatt-hours annually by 2050, a roughly 167 percent increase from 300 terawatt-hours in 2025. Meanwhile, electricity generation from all energy sources is projected to reach 5,858 terawatt-hours in 2052, a 27 percent increase over current levels.

The report proposes two routes to meeting this level of demand.

The first scenario is a reference case based on current federal, state and provincial policies as of April 1, 2025. The second option presents a low-carbon scenario. The report concludes that natural gas would need to remain a “foundational component of the region’s energy system” in both scenarios.

“Meeting energy demand is a critical challenge right now, and this report quantifies the necessary midstream infrastructure and corresponding development dollars needed to meet that demand,” Hebe Shaw, executive director of the INGAA Foundation, said in a news release. “Meeting the energy needs of North America will require sustained investment and development, which must begin now to ensure a safe, reliable and affordable energy system.”

The report also identified several key midstream infrastructure requirements, including:

  • 103,000 miles of new natural gas gathering pipelines
  • 37,000 miles of additional natural gas transmission pipelines, which includes approximately 33,800 miles in the United States
  • 24 million jobs over 25 years

The report adds that hydrogen, carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS), and other decarbonization strategies can help meet infrastructure needs.

UH released a condensed version of the report here.

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